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William McK. & Marcia N.Thompson Center for Restorative Neurosurgery
Patient Care
Surgical Treatment
The surgical treatment of movement disorders has evolved considerably over the last decade in terms of the scope of the indications for surgery, and in terms of technique. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has an established role in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor and dystonia. As a surgical procedure, it offers inherent advantages over ablative therapies, as the therapeutic and side effects of stimulation can be modulated by adjustment of multiple stimulation parameters. Listed below are three of the most common procedures performed at the CNI Thompson Center for Restorative Neurosurgery.
Subthalamic Nucleus (STN) DBS for Parkinson’s Patients
Perhaps the most common DBS procedure, STN DBS is considered in cases of advanced, medication-responsive Parkinson’s disease. In the procedure, electrodes are placed into the STN, an area of the brain approximately the size of an almond, in regions of high neuronal activity and responsiveness. In addition, a generator is attached to the electrodes and placed in the chest.
Courtesy of National Parkinson Foundation, Inc.
Photos: See photographs of this procedure performed at CNI.
Presentation:
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Deep Brain Stimulation for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease: Patient Education 
Watch Audio/Video Presentation.  Six segments for total listening time approx. 1 hour
Patient Pre/Post-Surgery Videos:
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1 - Postoperative Condition (off meds/off stimulation)
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2 - Postoperative Condition (off meds/ON stimulation)
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Pallidal (GPi) DBS for Dystonia and Parkinson’s Patients
GPi DBS is considered in cases of advanced, medication refractory dystonia. In addition, GPi DBS has been used in advanced Parkinson’s patients. In the procedure, electrodes are placed into the GPi in regions of high neuronal activity and responsiveness. In addition, a generator is attached to the electrodes and placed in the chest.
Although different areas of the brain are targeted, the surgical procedure for GPi DBS is similar to that for STN DBS.
Courtesy of National Parkinson Foundation, Inc.
Videos of GPi DBS (Parkinson’s Disease, Dystonia and other conditions)
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1 - Generalized Dystonia - Preoperatively
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child-pre, 0:57 min/sec |
| 2 - Generalized Dystonia - 3 months Post-operatively |
child-3mo-post, 1:00 min/sec |
3 - Bilateral GPi DBS - Stimulators Off
Generalized and Cervical Dystonia |
woman-pre, 0:48 min/sec |
4 - Bilateral GPi DBS - Stimulators On
Generalized and Cervical Dystonia |
woman-post, 0:29 min/sec |
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Learn more about treatments for dystonia at the CNI Movement Disorders Center website.
Thalamus DBS for Essential Tremor and Severe Tremor Parkinson’s Patients
Thalamus DBS is considered in cases of advanced, medication resistant essential tremor. In the procedure, electrodes are placed into the thalamus in regions of high neuronal activity and responsiveness. In addition, a generator is attached to the electrodes and placed in the chest.
Although different areas of the brain are targeted, the surgical procedure for Thalamus DBS is similar to that for STN DBS.
Courtesy of National Parkinson Foundation, Inc.
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